Drilling machine



(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 1.

H. WARD. DRILLING MACHINE.

N=o. 3'76,35. Patented Jan. 10, 1888.

Wtrwas 66' Ida 0712501- /wmad' Henry Ward W N. PETERS, Wale-Lithographer, Wflihinglnn. n. c.

3 Sheets-+Sheet 3.

$222222 :ggali T. H. WARD. DRILLING MACHINE.

I Patented Jan. 10, 1888',

(No Model.)

17111011801? 1' ham-@815 Ward N PETERS. Pmluithn Hag,

. UNITED STATES PATENT FFICE.

THOMAS HENRY WARD, OF TIPTON, COUNTY .OF STAFFORD, ENGLAND.

DRILLING-MACHINE.

V SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent N 0. 376,354, dated January 10, 1888.

Application filed August 4, 1886. Serial No. 209,936. (No model.) Patented in England September 1?, 1885, No.11,081.

I a subject of the Queen of Great Britain. and

residing at Tipton, in the county of Stafford, England,have invented a certain Improvement in Drilling-Machines, (for which I have obtained a patent in Great Britain, No. 11,081, dated the 18th day of September, 1885,) of which the following is a specification.

My invention has for its object the production of an improved drilling-machine very efficient in action and simple in construction and more economical in productionthan are such machines as hitherto made, the feeding movement of the drill to the work being effected automatically in accordance with the work being done by the machine.

I provide an improved arrangement of gear for imparting the rotary motion to the drill, and I provide a very simple arrangement for automatically feeding the drill to its work.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a side elevation of a drilling-machine constructed according to my invention. Fig. 2 is a front elevation of the same. Fig. 3 is a plan of the same,partly in section. Fig. 4 is a longitudinal section, and Fig. 5 is a transverse section, illustrating a modification of the driving-gear. Figs. 6 and 7 are similar views of another modification. Fig; 8 is avertical section, drawn to an enlarged scale, of one form of feed motion. Fig. 9 is a similar view of another modification of feed motion. Fig. 10 is a view of still another modification. Fig. 11 is a plan view of the construction shown in Fig. 10. Fig. 12 is a vertical section of a modified form of feed motion; and Fig. 13 is a side view, partly in section, of a complete drilling-machine provided with my improvements.

A is the frame of the machine, the lower end being spread to form a foot or base, to which the table B is attached by the pin or hinge-point O, for allowing of horizontal adjustment of the work to be operated upon.

E, which radiates in plan from the dril1-spindle, and is connected thereto by the hereinafter-described gearing for transmitting motion thereto. The said bracket a has at its outward end a dead (non-rotating) bevelwheel, a ,or its equivalent, fixed or cast thereon, facing outward and concentric with the shaft E, which shaft projects at its outward end beyond the bracket 01. and dead-wheel a and there carries a lever-arm or handle, e, loosely mounted thereon, and beyond this a bevel wheel or pinion, 0 facing inward, is fixed to said shaft. These two bevel-wheels 0, and e are connected by a third bevel wheel or pinion, f,which rotates loosely upon a stud, f carried by the boss of the handle 6.

The shaft E and the drill-spindle have bevelwheels 99, respectively, for transmitting motion to the drill-spindle in the ordinary way. The wheels 6 f, and a together with the arm or handle e,- play the part of a prime mover to the drill-spindle and constitute a train of wheels whereby rotation is imparted to the shaft in the same direction as that in which the handle e is turned, but at a speed of rotation considerably greater. This speed may be further increased by making the deadwheel a larger than c. For heavy drilling a slower or more powerful motionis necessary. This can be readily obtained by releasing the hereinbefore-described gear and by securing the lever e to the shaft E. I do not restrict myself to any particular way of efiecting this; but I prefer to draw the shaft E outward, for which purpose allowance in its length is made at 6 Fig. 3, and the wheel 9 is secured to the said shaft bya groove and feather, so that the bevel-wheel f is drawn out of gear with the dead-wheel a and then the handle 6 is fixed to the shaft E directly or indirectly-for example, by nipping the wheel f tightly against the boss of the handle by means of a nut on the stud f There is a pin, 0*, which retains the shaft in the bracket byengaging with one or other of the grooves e in the shaft, according to the position to which the shaft E is adjusted.

Figs. 4 and 5 represent views at right angles to each other of a modification of the drivinggear, wherein ordinary spur gearing-wheels are used in place of the bevel gear-wheels. In this construction there is asimilar dead-wheel a on the end of the fixed bracket a, while to the outer end of the shaft E is secured a wheel,

e, beyond the handle 6. This wheel a is geared to the dead-wheel a through the medium of a pinion, F, on a spindle, F", adapted to a hearing in the arm or handle 0, and having at its opposite end a pinion, f geared to the deadwheel a eithcr directly or through the medium of a piniou,f*. (See Figs. at and 5.) Instead of toothed gear, friction gear may be employed, the operation in either case being substantially the same as that described with rcf erence to Figs. 1, 2, 3, and 13, where the pinion e" is geared to the dead-wheel a through the medium of a single'geanwlieel, f.

In Figs. 6 and 7 I have illustrated a further modificatiomwherein all the transmitting gearwheels are carried at one side of the handle 0. In this case the pinions f and F are shown as cast in one piece and as turning on a stud, F, fixed to the handle e.

I will now describe that part of my invention which relates to the feed motion and has for its obj eet providing an automatic feed that shall insure a constant, or nearly constant, pressure on the drill, according to the work being done, the rate of feed being automatically varied, regulated, or controlled according as the resistance to the tool varies, accidentally or otherwise, insuring thereby a much quicker feed until the tool comes in contact with the work and more slowly afterward, varying more or less as the resistance fluctuates in accordance with hardness of the material operated upon, as before stated. This may be accon1- plished according to several modifications, resembling each other in the principle of their action. I have illustrated these modifications in vertical section at Figs. 8, 9, and 10, that shown at Fig. 10 being the one which I have shown applied to the machine, Figs. 1, 2 and 13, and is also illustrated separately in plan in Fig. 11.

I will first describe the modification shown in Fig. 8. I screw-thread the drillspindle at d, it passing freely through holes in the bosses a 0!. of the frame, and I provide a nut, 71, be-

tween said bosses, in which nut the said screw works. So long as this nut is free to rotate with the drill-spindle,no feed motion is possible. On the other hand, so long as it is not free to rotate, then the rate of feed per revolution will be equal to the pitch of the screw, which would be impractically great. These two extremes therefore are useless. It is evident that the upward thrust or pressure of the drill-spindle is conveyed through the nut h to the abutment or top bearing of the nut on the under side of the boss a, and since it acts there at a greater radius or leverage than the screw itself, I cut the thread of the screw (1 at such an angle as to play the part of an inclined plane or wedge, increasing thereby the binding-pressure between it and the nut-sufficiently to insure the rotation of the latter naturally. For the foregoing purpose I may make the thrust or top side of the thread inclined, as shown in Fig. 8, and I may use a screw, as hereinafter explained, and shown in Figs. 9 and 10. I retard the rotation of the nut h preferably by means of a'cone-slecve, J, surmounting and frietionally bearing upon the correspondingly-coiled exterior ofthc until, the said sleeve being secured from rotation withitby means of horns j, situated on either side of the adjacent part of the frame, but being free otherwise. By bringing pressure on this sleeve I retard the rotation of the nut h more or less, and at will,

aceordin g as I apply external pressu re either by hand or by gravity or weight, or by spring or equivalents-for example, by a spring, as at It. This spring or other external pressure is, however, not an essential feature of my invention. It is the frictional pressure of the nutagainst a fixed part of the frame which gives the automatic feed in proportion to the softness or hardness of the material being drilled. The result is, that a differential motion is set up between the nut h and the drill-spindle D- that is to say, the nut h is rotating almost, but not quite,at the same rate as the drill-spindle itself, and by virtue of the difference actuating I the screw vertically it represents the feed mo tion.

Fig. 9 represents a modification wherein a screw-thrcad of ordinary form is employed; but in other respects it is like the construction described, except that the spring k is omitted.

It will be evident that the abutment may be made against the boss a instead of the boss a, when the latter boss may be dispensed with. This modificatiomis shown in Figs. 1, 2, 10, 11, and 13, where the nut h is prolonged into the form of a sleeve, h", which passes through the boss to", and is furnished with a collar, h, to bear on the under side of the boss at. In this case the collar h is the effective part of the nut to give the automatic feed by the frictional pressure thereof against the fixed boss at of the frame.

The retarding more or less of the nut by means of the handle j may be used to facilitate the rapid return of the drill from its work when the motion of the handle is reversed, and it also serves the purpose of adding more feed in the forward direction, if desired. A distance-piece, Z, is placed between the lower boss (or the collar of the nut) and the bevelwheel on the drill-spindle.

I do not limit myself to the use of a eoned surface to the nut. Fig. 12 is an illustration of an arrangement wherein the retarding eifect is produced without this coned surface. By means of a friction hand-wheel, h, adapted to the upper threaded end of the nut h, the collar h on the nut may be drawn up closer to the boss.

I find in practice thatan iron screw, (1, with a square thread an eighth of an inch diameter, with five threads to the inch, working in a gun-metal nut, gives good results.

I claim as my invention- 1. The combination of the frame ofa drilling-machine,having a bracket carrying a fixed or dead wheel, with the drill-spindle, adrivingshaft geared to the drill-spindle, and a handle and gearing connecting the shaft and the fixed or dead wheel, substantially as described.

2. The combination of the frame of a drilling-machine,having a bracket carrying a deadwheel, with a drill-spindle, a driving-shaft mounted in said bracket and geared at one end to the drill-spindle and carrying at the other end a gear wheel or pinion fixed thereto, and a handle loose on the shaftand carrying gearing connecting the dead-wheel and the gear-wheel of the driving shaft, substantially as set forth.

3. The combination of the frame of a drilling-machine,having abracket carrying a deadwheel, with a drill-spindle, a driving shaft geared to the spindle and mounted in the said bracket so as to be adjustable longitudinally therein, gearing by which the said shaft is geared to the dead-wheel on the bracket, and a handle loose on the said shaft, but adapted to be fixed thereto when the-gear is disengaged from the dead-wheel, substantially as set forth. t V 0 4. The combination of the frame ofa drilling-machine and a threaded drill-spindle with a loose nuton the threaded spindle, having a frictional bearing against the said frame to give an automatic feed motion in proportion to the hardness of the material operated on, substantially as set forth. Y

5. The combination of the frame of a drilling-machine and a threaded drill-spindle with a loose nut on the threaded spindle, having a frictional bearing against the said frame to give an automatic feed motion in proportion to the hardness of the material operated on, and a friction-sleeve to bear on the nut, all substantially as specified.

In testimony whereofI have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two sub scribing witnesses.

THOMAS HEN RY WARD.

WVitnesses:

EDMUND HOWE,

The Quarries, Nr. Dudley. WALTER SOWDEN,

' 6 DudZey'Rd., Tipton. 

